Mpweya umene thupi katundu:
Mpweya umene (O3), amatchedwanso superoxide, ndi allotrope ya mpweya (O2), zomwe ndi gasi ndi "fungo wapadera" pa kutentha yachibadwa. Mpweya umene makamaka anagawira mu mlengalenga stratospheric pa msinkhu wa 10 50 Km. Pa kutentha yachibadwa ndi kuthamanga, otsika ndende ya Mpweya umene ndi mpweya colorless, pamene ndende ukufika 15%, izo zikusonyeza wotumbululuka mtundu buluu.
katundu Mpweya umene mankhwala:
Mpweya umene ndi yovuta, hafu ya moyo wa kuwonongeka ndi za 20 kwa mphindi 30. Pamene kuwonjezeka kutentha, ukuwonjezeka kuwonongeka mlingo. Pamene kutentha kuposa 100 ° C, kuwonongeka ndi kwambiri. Pamene kutentha ukufika 270 ° C, izo zikhoza kusinthidwa mu mpweya yomweyo. Mpweya umene linawola mofulumira mu madzi kuposa mpweya. Mu munali zinyalala madzi, Mpweya umene akhoza mofulumira linakwiriridwa mu mpweya.
Mpweya umene ali wamphamvu oxidizing mphamvu, amene ali m'munsi kusiyana fluorine. Mundawu zimagwiritsa ntchito mu ntchito yake. Mpweya umene amathandiza kuyaka. Pamene combustibles zimayikidwa mu Mpweya umene mpweya yozungulira, kuyaka ndi kwambiri kuposa mpweya.
Mpweya umene kuchepetsa anachita
A, Mpweya umene kuchepetsa anachita ndi zinthu zochita kupanga
Mpweya umene amachitira ndi chitsulo akakhala, Mn2 +, sulfide, thiocyanide, cyanide, chlorine, etc.
Monga:
B, Mpweya umene anachita ndi nkhani organic
Zimene Mpweya umene ndi nkhani organic madzi imavuta kwambiri.
(1) Zimene wa ozoni ndi mankhwala olefinic
Mpweya umene mosavuta amachitira ndi mankhwala olefinic ndi maunyolo awiri, ndi chomaliza mankhwala zotani kungakhale osakaniza monomeric, polymeric, kapena ozonides movutikira. oxides Mpweya umene kuwola ndinso kubwerera aldehydes ndi zidulo.
(2) Chisoni wa ozoni ndi mankhwala onunkhira
Anachita pakati pa Mpweya umene ndi mankhwala onunkhira wosakwiya, ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndondomeko ya Mpweya umene ndi zotsatirazi: benzene <naphthalene <phenanthrene.
(3) amachitira ndi mapuloteni nyukiliya (kwa amino acid) ndi organic amoniya
The makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndondomeko ya Mpweya umene mu zosakaniza zotsatirazi
Alkenes> Amines> Phenols> Polycyclic onunkhira chimasanduka> Alcohols> Aldehydes> Paraffins
Kawopsedwe ndi corrosivity
Mpweya umene ndi mpweya zoipa. Pamene ndende ndi 6,25 × 10-6mol / L (0.3mg / L), lili popatsana kumverera kwa maso, mphuno komanso pakhosi. Ndende (6.25-62.5) × 10-5mol / L (3 ~ 30mg / L), adzachititsa mutu ndi ziwalo m'dera ziwalo kupuma; ndende 3,125 × 10-4 ~ 1,25 × 10-3mol / L (15 ~ 60mg / L), ndi zoipa kwa thupi. kawopsedwe nazonso zokhudzana nthawi kukhudzana. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi yaitali kukhudzana ndi Mpweya umene ndende 1,748 × 10-7mol / L (4ppm) zingachititse matenda okhazikika mtima, koma kukhudzana ndi Mpweya umene pansipa 20ppm si upambana 2h, palibe vuto kosatha kwa thupi. Choncho, phindu kololeka a ndende Mpweya umene ndi 4,46 × 10-9 mol / L (0.1 ppm) 8 h. Popeza fungo la Mpweya umene ali anaikira kwambiri, pamene ndende ndi 4,46 × 10-9 mol / L (0.1 ppm), anthu amaona mosavuta. Choncho, ngakhale Mpweya umene mu dziko lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito oposa mazana zaka, koma palibe lipoti la imfa chifukwa Mpweya umene poizoni.
Mpweya umene kwambiri oxidizing, kuwonjezera golide ndi pulatinamu, ozonized mpweya kumakhudza zikuwononga pafupifupi onse zitsulo. Zotayidwa, nthaka, kutsogolera ndi Mpweya umene mwamphamvu oxidized, koma chrome munali kasakaniza wazitsulo ndi zayamba ufulu wa Mpweya umene dzimbiri. Choncho, chrome zitsulo aloyi (zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi popanga mbali ya Mpweya umene ikuyambitsa zida ndi kudzazidwa zida kuti ali mwachindunji kukhudzana ndi Mpweya umene.
Safe Mpweya umene ndende
Buku "Mpweya umene Technology Phunziro pankhaniyi Collection" lolembedwa ndi University Tsinghua, anthu ambiri Mpweya umene mu ntchito zimagawidwa kuti maganizo abwino mpweya, ntchito ndende, ndende madzi ntchito, ndende zachilengedwe ndipo pozindikira ndende.
◎ Mpweya umene makampani mfundo ukhondo: Mayiko Mpweya umene Association: 0,1 PPM, kukhudzana kwa maola 10; United States, Germany, France, Japan: 0,1 PPM, kukhudzana kwa maola 8, China: 0,15 PPM, kukhudzana kwa maola 8
◎ The Mpweya umene kutayikira ndi banja Mpweya umene disinfection nduna sadzakhala upambana 0.2 mg / M3 (amatchula mamita 1.5 kutali), ndi yotsalira ndende pambuyo disinfection kwa mkombero umodzi adzamuka musalumphe 0,3 mg / M3.
Air ntchito ndende
◎ Air kuyeretsedwa amafuna Mpweya umene ndende ndi pakati 1 mg / M3 10 mg / M3.
◎ Mpweya umene ndi yogwira kutentha otsika ndi chilengedwe mkulu chinyezi, ngati chinyezi wachibale n'chozama kupitirira 45%, ndi Mpweya umene ali pafupifupi ziribe mphamvu kupha pa tizilombo inaimitsidwa mu mlengalenga, pamene zotsatira zake pang'onopang'ono kuonjezera pa 60% ndi kufika pazipita pa 95% chinyezi.
◎ Mpweya umene disinfection kwa msonkhano processing chakudya, 0,5 ~ 1.0 ppm kupha 80% mabakiteriya zachilengedwe mu mlengalenga.
◎ Cold yosungirako disinfection ungabwere Mpweya umene ndende ya 6 mpaka 10 PPM, Pambuyo kuchizidwa Mpweya umene ndi kutseka chipinda chosungira kwa maola 24, ndi bakiteriya mlingo kupha ndi 90% ndi nkhungu kupha mlingo ndi pafupifupi 80%.
◎ Pa kusungiramo zipatso, 2 3 ppm wa ozoni akhoza ziletsa kukula kwa nkhungu, ndi kuwonjezera nthawi yosungirako.
Mpweya umene ndende mu ntchito madzi
◎ Dinani madzi Mpweya umene kuyeretsedwa, muyezo lapadziko lonse 0.4 mg / L (0.4ppm) kukhudzana nthawi: Mphindi 4.
◎ The kusungunuka Mpweya umene mlingo anakhalabe pa 0.1-0.5 mg / L kwa mphindi 5-10 zolinga wamba disinfection.
◎ Mpweya umene mu disinfection madzi ndi njira yolera yotseketsa mofulumira, mabakiteriya anaphedwa mwa 0.5 1 miniti. Pa ndende ya 4 mg / L, ndi chiwindi B HIV inactivation kupha mlingo 100% mu 1 miniti.
◎ Herbold inati: Pa 20 ° C, 0,43 mg / L (0.43ppm) Mpweya umene ndende, kupha E. coli ndi 100% ndipo 0,36 yekha mg / L (0.36ppm) Mpweya umene ndende chofunika pa 10 ° C.
◎ Pamene Mpweya umene ndende ndi 0,25 mpaka 38 mg / L, pamafunika masekondi ochepa kwathunthu inactivate a chiwindi A HIV (HAV).
◎ Maminolo madzi disinfection akusowa Mpweya umene ndende ya 0.4 ~ 0.5mg / L, akhoza kukumana ndi njira yolera yotseketsa ndi khalidwe zofunika.
◎ madzi M'mabotolo chithandizo afike pa Mpweya umene ndende ya 0,3 ~ 0.5mg / L.
Post nthawi: May-14-2019