Nws lub zog:
Nws (O3), kuj hu ua superoxide, yog ib tug allotrope ntawm oxygen (O2), uas yog ib cov roj nrog ib tug "tshwj xeeb tsis hnov tsw" nyob rau hauv ib txwm kub. Nws yog tsuas yog faib nyob rau hauv lub stratospheric cua ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 10 mus rau 50 km. Thaum txwm kub thiab siab, uas tsis muaj concentration ntawm ozone yog ib tug tsis muaj kob roj, thaum lub concentration nce mus txog 15%, nws qhia tau hais tias ib tug daj ntseg xiav xim.
Nws tshuaj zog:
Nws yog heev tsis ruaj tsis khov, cov ib nrab-lub neej ntawm decomposition yog hais txog 20 mus rau 30 feeb. Raws li cov kub nce, lub decomposition tus nqi nce. Thaum lub kub tshaj 100 ° C, tus decomposition yog khaus heev. Thaum lub kub nce mus txog 270 ° C, nws yuav hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv cov pa tam sim ntawd. Nws decomposes sai nyob rau hauv dej tshaj nyob rau hauv huab cua. Nyob rau hauv cov dej muaj impurities, ozone yuav sai decomposed rau hauv cov pa.
Nws muaj ib tug muaj zog oxidizing muaj peev xwm, uas yog tsuas yog tsawg dua fluorine. Qhov no tej khoom vaj tse yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv thov. Nws txhawb combustion. Thaum combustibles yog muab tso rau hauv ozone roj ambient, combustion yog ntau khaus tshaj nyob rau hauv cov pa.
Nws yuav txo tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
A, Nws yuav txo tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog inorganic tshuaj
Nws reacts nrog ferrous hlau, Mn2 +, sulfide, thiocyanide, cyanide, tshuaj chlorine ua, thiab lwm yam
Xws li:
B, Nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog organic teeb meem
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ozone nrog organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov dej yog tsis tshua muaj nyuab.
(1) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ozone nrog olefinic tebchaw
Nws nkag reacts nrog olefinic tebchaw muaj ob bonds, thiab qhov kawg khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav ua tau ib tug sib tov ntawm monomeric, polymeric, los yog staggered ozonides. Nws oxides decompose rau hauv aldehydes thiab acids.
(2) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ozone nrog uas muaj ntxhiab tebchaw
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ozone thiab uas muaj ntxhiab tebchaw yog qeeb, lub oxidation ib theem zuj zus ntawm ozone nrog cov nram qab no: benzene <naphthalene <phenanthrene.
(3) reacts nrog nuclear protein (amino acid) thiab organic ammonia
Cov oxidation ib theem zuj zus ntawm ozone nyob rau hauv cov nram no mixtures yog
Alkenes> Amines> Phenols> polycyclic uas muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons> alcohols> Aldehydes> Paraffins
Toxicity thiab corrosivity
Nws yog ib tug teeb meem roj. Thaum lub concentration yog 6,25 × 10-6mol / L (0.3mg / L), nws muaj ib tug stimulating lawm mus rau lub qhov muag, qhov ntswg thiab caj pas. Concentration (6.25-62.5) × 10-5mol / L (3 ~ 30mg / L), yuav ua rau mob taub hau thiab lub zos tuag tes tuag taw ntawm lub pa kabmob; concentration 3,125 × 10-4 ~ 1.25 × 10-3mol / L (15 ~ 60mg / L), nws yog teeb meem rau tus tib neeg lub cev. Lub toxicity no kuj hais txog cov kev sib cuag lub sij hawm. Piv txwv li, ntev-lub sij hawm raug ozone concentration 1,748 × 10-7mol / L (4ppm) yuav ua rau tas mus li kab mob plawv, tab sis raug tus kab mob rau ozone hauv qab no 20ppm tsis pub tshaj 2h, muaj yog tsis muaj kev kub ntxhov rau tib neeg lub cev. Yog li ntawd, cov pub tus nqi ntawm lub ozone concentration yog 4,46 × 10-9 mol / L (0.1 ppm) 8 h. Txij li thaum lub tsis hnov tsw ntawm ozone yog heev feeb meej, thaum concentration yog 4,46 × 10-9 mol / L (0.1 ppm), cov neeg xav tias nws yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, txawm ozone nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no twb tau muab siv rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo, tab sis yog tsis muaj daim ntawv qhia txog txoj kev tuag vim ozone lom.
Nws yog ib co oxidizing, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus kub thiab platinum, ozonized cua muaj ib tug corrosive ntxim rau yuav luag tag nrho cov hlau. Txhuas, zinc, hlau thiab ozone yog ntseeg tau oxidized, tab sis chrome-muaj alloys yog tshuam free ntawm ozone corrosion. yog li ntawd, chrome-hlau alloy (stainless steel) yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ntau lawm los tsim tej feem khoom ntawm ozone generating cov khoom thiab filling cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv ncaj qha kev sib cuag nrog ozone.
Muaj kev nyab xeeb ozone concentration
Raws li phau ntawv "Nws Technology daim ntawv thov Collection" edited by Tsinghua University, lub concentration ntawm ozone nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov yog txwv kom muab zais rau muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv concentration huab cua, thov concentration, dej daim ntawv thov concentration, tej concentration thiab ntaus nqi concentration.
◎ Nws kev lag luam tu qauv: International Nws Association: 0.1 ppm, raug rau 10 teev; United States, Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Fabkis, Nyiv: 0.1 ppm, raug rau 8 teev, Tuam Tshoj: 0.15 ppm, raug rau 8 teev
◎ Lub ozone to los ntawm cov tsev neeg ozone tua txee yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 0.2 mg / m3 (xa mus rau 1.5 meters deb), thiab lub residual concentration tom qab tua rau ib phaum yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 0.3 mg / m3.
Cua daim ntawv thov concentration
◎ Cua purification yuav tsum tau ozone concentration yog nruab nrab ntawm 1 mg / m3 rau 10 mg / m3.
◎ Nws yog ntau yam nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj kub thiab high av noo ib puag ncig, yog tias tug txheeb ze humidity yog tsawg dua 45%, lub ozone muaj yuav luag tsis muaj tua ntxim rau cov tshem tawm kab mob nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, thaum Nws nyhuv maj tsub kom rau 60% thiab nce mus txog ib tug tshaj plaws ntawm 95% av noo.
◎ Nws tua rau khoom noj khoom haus ua rhiav, 0.5 ~ 1.0 ppm yuav tua 80% ntawm lub ntuj kab mob nyob rau hauv cov huab cua.
◎ Khaub thuas cia tua yuav tsum tau ib tug ozone concentration ntawm 6 mus rau 10 ppm, Tom qab kho los ntawm ozone thiab kaw cia chav tsev rau 24 xuab moos, tus kab mob tua tus nqi yog hais txog 90% thiab cov pwm tua tus nqi yog hais txog 80%.
◎ Thaum lub sij hawm cia ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, 2 mus rau 3 ppm ntawm ozone yuav inhibit txoj kev loj hlob ntawm puab, thiab cuag lub cia lub sij hawm.
Nws concentration nyob rau hauv dej daim ntawv thov
◎ Coj mus rhaub dej ozone purification, lub thoob ntiaj teb tus qauv yog 0.4 mg / L (0.4ppm) hu rau lub sij hawm: 4 feeb.
◎ Lub neej ozone theem khaws cia nyob rau hauv 0.1-0.5 mg / L rau 5-10 feeb rau cov kab mob li cas lub hom phiaj.
◎ Nws nyob rau hauv dej kom huv thiab kom tsis muaj menyuam yog ceev ceev, cov kab mob raug tua nyob rau 0.5 mus rau 1 feeb. Thaum ib tug concentration ntawm 4 mg / L, tus kab mob siab B kab mob inactivation tua tus nqi yog 100% nyob rau hauv 1 feeb.
◎ Herbold sau li no: Thaum 20 ° C, 0,43 mg / L (0.43ppm) ozone concentration, yuav tua E. coli los ntawm 100%, thiab tsuas yog 0,36 mg / L (0.36ppm) ozone concentration yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv 10 ° C.
◎ Thaum lub ozone concentration yog 0.25 rau 38 mg / L, nws yuav siv sij hawm xwb ob peb lub vib nas this mus kiag li inactivate tus kab mob siab A tus kab mob no (HAV).
◎ Mineral dej kom huv xav tau ib tug ozone concentration ntawm 0.4 ~ 0.5mg / L, nws muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li lub kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tsis zoo uas yuav tsum tau.
◎ poom dej kev kho mob yuav tsum ncav cuag lub ozone concentration ntawm 0.3 ~ 0.5mg / L.
Post lub sij hawm: Tej zaum-14-2019